裂缝主要形式及现象

The main forms and phenomena of cracks

沥青路面的开裂表现形式是多种多样的，主要有横向、纵向、网状和反射裂缝。

The cracking manifestations of asphalt pavement are diverse, mainly including horizontal, vertical, mesh, and reflective cracks.

横向裂缝现象

Lateral crack phenomenon

裂缝与路中 心线基本垂直，缝宽不一，缝长有的贯穿整个路幅，有的贯穿部分路幅，裂缝弯弯曲曲、有枝有叉。横向裂缝中的唧浆导致裂缝两侧凹陷，桥头跳车处的路面横向裂缝，在路面积水的作用下加速跳车发展的速度，同时会对路基造成冲刷。

The cracks are basically perpendicular to the centerline of the road, with varying widths. Some of the crack lengths run through the entire road, while others run through some parts of the road. The cracks are curved and have branches and forks. The grouting in the transverse cracks causes depressions on both sides of the cracks, and the transverse cracks on the road surface at the bridgehead where the vehicle jumps accelerate the development of the jumping under the action of water accumulation on the road surface, while also causing erosion on the roadbed.

纵向裂缝现象

Longitudinal crack phenomenon

裂缝走向基本与行车方向平行，裂缝长度和宽度不一。一般都发生在高填方的路基上。纵向裂缝容易形成沿行车方向呈台阶状，影响行车舒 适性。

The crack direction is basically parallel to the direction of driving, and the length and width of the crack vary. It usually occurs on high fill roadbeds. Longitudinal cracks can easily form a stepped shape along the direction of driving, affecting driving comfort.

网状裂缝现象

Network crack phenomenon

裂缝纵横交错，将面层分隔成若干多边形的小块，一般缝宽1mm以上，缝距40cm以下。网状裂缝导致沥青路面松散或坑槽，严重影响沥青路面的综合服务水平。

The cracks crisscross and divide the surface layer into several small polygonal pieces, with a width of over 1mm and a spacing of less than 40cm. Mesh cracks cause looseness or potholes in asphalt pavement, seriously affecting the comprehensive service level of asphalt pavement.

反射裂缝现象

Reflection crack phenomenon

基层产生裂缝后，在温度和行车荷载作用下，裂缝将逐渐反射到沥青表面，路表面裂缝的位置形状与基层裂缝基本相似。对于半刚性基层以横向裂缝居多，对于柔性路面上加罩的沥青结构层，裂缝形式不一，主要取决于下卧层。

After cracks occur at the grassroots level, under the action of temperature and driving load, the cracks will gradually reflect onto the asphalt surface, and the position and shape of the road surface cracks are basically similar to those of the grassroots cracks. For semi-rigid base layers, transverse cracks are more common, while for asphalt structural layers covered on flexible pavement, the crack forms vary, mainly depending on the underlying layer.

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